Thermally-Activated Al(OH)3: Phase Transformations and Porosity. Production of linear α-olefin 1-octene via dehydration of 1-octanol over Al2O3 catalyst. Hongda Zhu, Anand Ramanathan, Jian-Feng Wu. Information about how to use the RightsLink permission system can be found at As for the moles of water yielded, please see Philipp's answer and use your common sense on whether the formation of a second molecule of water out of nothing is likely. Primary alcohols like ethanol use a different mechanism, and ethanol is discussed separately on another page. The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Formation of alkene mechanism. Lorella Izzo, Tommaso Tabanelli, Fabrizio Cavani, Paola Blair Vàsquez, Carlo Lucarelli, Massimo Mella. Mechanism and kinetics of 1-dodecanol etherification over tungstated zirconia. Cooperativity between Al Sites Promotes Hydrogen Transfer and Carbon–Carbon Bond Formation upon Dimethyl Ether Activation on Alumina. m Users are The observed C-containing products corresponded to products typically associated with dehydrogenation (methanal, ethanal, and propanone), dehydration (ethene and propene), and oxidation (CO x). Scavenging performance and antioxidant activity of γ-alumina nanoparticles towards DPPH free radical: Spectroscopic and DFT-D studies. Article Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. Guangci Li, Xinlu Lu, Zhe Tang, Yunqi Liu, Xuebing Li, Chenguang Liu.
(ii) Give the mechanism for the Hofmann bromamide reaction. Sustainable short-chain olefin production through simultaneous dehydration of mixtures of 1-butanol and ethanol over HZSM-5 and γ-Al2O3. Promotional Effects of Cesium Promoter on Higher Alcohol Synthesis from Syngas over Cesium-Promoted Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 Catalysts. Pingyu Xin, Jia Li, Yu Xiong, Xi Wu, Juncai Dong, Wenxing Chen, Yu Wang, Lin Gu, Jun Luo, Hongpan Rong, Chen Chen, Qing Peng, Dingsheng Wang, Yadong Li. Tailoring nanoscopic confines to maximize catalytic activity of hydronium ions. Understanding the Importance of Carbenium Ions in the Conversion of Biomass-Derived Alcohols with First-Principles Calculations. Probing Lewis Acid Sites in Sn-Beta Zeolite. Jonathan E. Sutton, Paraskevi Panagiotopoulou, Xenophon E. Verykios, and Dionisios G. Vlachos . Mainly this reaction produces the alkenes and this process is proceeded in … Jordi Ballesteros-Soberanas, Lucas D. Ellis. O Mechanism of Dehydration of Phenols on Noble Metals via First-Principles Microkinetic Modeling. Creation of Brønsted Acidity by Grafting Aluminum Isopropoxide on Silica under Controlled Conditions: Determination of the Number of Brønsted Sites and their Turnover Frequency for The mechanism of alcohol dehydration is a unimolecular elimination, E1. Toward Understanding Metal-Catalyzed Ethanol Reforming. Qiang Bao, Hui Qi, Chunlei Zhang, Chunli Ning, Yi Zhang, Ye Jiang, Yifan Wu, Wenying Gui, Zhenlu Wang. By heating an alcohol with concentrated mineral acid, such as concentrated H 2 S O 4 or concentrated H 3 P O 4. Improving alkane dehydrogenation activity on γ-Al Ji Qi, Jordan Finzel, Hossein Robatjazi, Mingjie Xu, Adam S. Hoffman, Simon R. Bare, Xiaoqing Pan. For permission to reproduce, republish and Tingming Duan, Yong Xiao, Guoquan Zhang, Bo Hou, Litao Jia, Debao Li. Steady-state rates of ether formation from alcohols (1-propanol, 2-propanol, and isobutanol) on γ-Al2O3 at 488 K increase at low alcohol pressure (0.1–4.2 kPa) but asymptotically converge to different values, inversely proportional to water pressure, at high alcohol pressure (4.2–7.2 kPa). Hsin-Ni Chiang, Santhanamoorthi Nachimuthu, Ya-Chin Cheng, Nur Pradani Damayanti, Jyh-Chiang Jiang. in situ -Xylene Isomerization. Physics. Ethanol Activation on Closed-Packed Surfaces. The observed C-containing products corresponded to products typically associated with dehydrogenation (methanal, ethanal, and propanone), dehydration (ethene and propene), and oxidation (CO x). Mechanistic insights into aqueous phase propanol dehydration in H-ZSM-5 zeolite. Fan Zeng, William J. Tenn, Sudhir N.V.K. Hui Shi, Sebastian Eckstein, Aleksei Vjunov, Donald M. Camaioni, Johannes A. Lercher. There are other side reactions as well, but these aren't required by any current UK A level (or equivalent) syllabus. CH3CH2CH2OH + Al2O3/heat -> ?? H-D Exchange of Simple Aromatics as a Measure of Brønsted-Acid Site Strengths in Solids. van Berkel, Martin van Sint Annaland. Dehydration of ethanol over zeolites, silica alumina and alumina: Lewis acidity, Brønsted acidity and confinement effects. 2 Design of highly selective ethanol dehydration nanocatalysts for ethylene production. Effect of crystalline phases and acid sites on the dehydration of 1-octadecanol to 1-octadecene over TiO2–ZrO2 mixed oxides. Santu Biswas, Anup Pramanik, Pranab Sarkar. Find more information about Crossref citation counts. Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical. Your Mendeley pairing has expired. You’ve supercharged your research process with ACS and Mendeley! Jordi Ballesteros-Soberanas, Lucas D. Ellis. Aleix Comas-Vives, Martin Schwarzwälder, Christophe Copéret, and Philippe Sautet . Please reconnect, Authors & Saytzeff and Hoffman Rule, Dehydration by Al2O3 and ThO2. Priya D. Srinivasan, Bhagyesha S. Patil, Hongda Zhu, Juan J. Bravo-Suárez. Reviewers, Librarians Chalida Niamnuy, Pawanrat Prapaitrakul, Noppadol Panchan, Anusorn Seubsai, Thongthai Witoon, Sakamon Devahastin. The dehydration of propan-2-ol. Alcohol is a diuretic. Modification of the acid/base properties of γ-Al2O3 by oxide additives: An ethanol TPD investigation. Computational Study of Ethanol Conversion on Al8O12 as a Model for γ-Al2O3. Effects of Phosphonic Acid Monolayers on the Dehydration Mechanism of Aliphatic Alcohols on TiO2. The dehydration mechanism for a tertiary alcohol is analogous to that shown above for a secondary alcohol. Aki, Jiayi Xu, Bin Liu, Keith L. Hohn. R − C H 2 − C H 2 − O H A l 2 O 3 3 5 0 o − 3 8 0 o C R − C H = C H 2 + H 2 O At 2 2 0 o − 2 5 0 o it forms ether. Qiangqiang Liu, Chan Wang, Qiang Li, Yajie Hou, Ye Wu, Lingyan Liu, Weixing Chang, and Jing Li . Formation of protonated alcohol, Carbocation, Alkene formation. Alcohol Reactions - Phenols, Ethers, Epoxides, ... PBr3, PCl3, SOCl2 Reaction Mechanism With Alcohols, Phosphorus Trihalides & Thionyl Chloride ... E1 & E2 Dehydration … Rongli Mi, Yingming Li, Xueyu Tian, Hailing Peng, Bolun Yang. Xue Zhou, Chao Wang, Yueying Chu, Jun Xu, Qiang Wang, Guodong Qi, Xingling Zhao, Ningdong Feng, Feng Deng. (110D) surface in slurry bed. You can easily become dehydrated when drinking alcohol. SuMin Choi, YoungJong Kang, SangWoo Kim. Alcohols are capable of being transformed under two known reaction mechanisms, E1 and E2. Total Joint Replacement and Revisions. The mechanism of formation of alkene by dehydration can be understood by using the example of ethanol (CH 3 CH 2 OH).. Alcohols react with strong acids due to lone pairs on oxygen to form oxonium salts (in this case, protonated ethanol). The mechanism of dehydration of alcohols over “acidic” and “nonacidic” alumina is the same. Site-Selective Nanoreactor Deposition on Photocatalytic Al Nanocubes. The –OH group in an alcohol is a For this reaction to occur, the alcohol must be dehydrated. from the ACS website, either in whole or in part, in either machine-readable form or any other form Katherine P. Vinter, Paul J. Dauenhauer. ) Answer later. Romain Réocreux, Tao Jiang, Marcella Iannuzzi, Carine Michel. Kinetic dependences of C3–C4 alcohol unimolecular dehydration rates at low alcohol pressure and high water pressure, kinetic dependence of ethanol unimolecular dehydration rate, and analysis of residual error in the kinetic models for C3–C4 alcohol dehydration (PDF). Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Kinetics and mechanisms of alcohol dehydration pathways on alumina materials. Eunpyo Hong, Hye-In Sim, Chae-Ho Shin. Conversion of ethanol over transition metal oxide catalysts: Effect of tungsta addition on catalytic behaviour of titania and zirconia. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. The hydroxyl group acts as a good leaving group once it is protonated and the loss of H2O molecule generates a carbocation which will act as a strong acid. Matthew A. Christiansen, Giannis Mpourmpakis, Dionisios G. Vlachos. Selective Synthesis of Methanol and Higher Alcohols over Cs/Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 Catalysts. - alumina (100) surface. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Mechanism and kinetics of 1-dodecanol etherification over tungstated zirconia. Jing Luo, Jingye Yu, Raymond J. Gorte, Eyas Mahmoud, Dionisios G. Vlachos, Michael A. Smith. & Account Managers, For http://pubs.acs.org/page/copyright/permissions.html, https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.5b00226, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2020.05.022, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2019.04.018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2019.115957, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2019.03.024, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jechem.2018.05.004, https://doi.org/10.1134/S2070050419010045, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catcom.2018.10.008, https://doi.org/10.1038/s42004-018-0053-8, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2018.07.005, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2018.05.009, https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0387-2018-4-6-30, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2018.02.030, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcat.2017.12.007, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2018.02.018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.11.187, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2017.08.001, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2017.03.036, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcat.2016.12.013, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2016.11.025, https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527698202.ch1, https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.670.133, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2015.06.008, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2015.03.011. The dehydration of alcohol series done by Thomke over BPO ₄ , Ca ₃ (PO ₄ ) ₂ and Sm ₂ O ₃ determined the mechanism by 2 precise criteria, uptake of deuterium from deuterated catalysts into produced olefin and un-reacted alcohol. Dehydration of alcohols using an acid catalyst. Effect of Alcohol Structure on the Kinetics of Etherification and Dehydration over Tungstated Zirconia. Wen Qian Jiao, Xiao Min Liang, Yi Meng Wang, Ming-Yuan He. Kim Larmier, André Nicolle, Céline Chizallet, Nicolas Cadran, Sylvie Maury, Anne-Félicie Lamic-Humblot, Eric Marceau, and Hélène Lauron-Pernot . Understanding the Importance of Carbenium Ions in the Conversion of Biomass-Derived Alcohols with First-Principles Calculations. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. Dongmin Yun, Chadaporn Krutpijit, Bunjerd Jongsomjit, José E. Herrera. Aldol condensation among acetaldehyde and ethanol reactants on TiO2: Experimental evidence for the kinetically relevant nucleophilic attack of enolates. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering. Water effects on the acidic property of typical solid acid catalysts by 3,3-dimethylbut-1-ene isomerization and 2-propanol dehydration reactions. Dehydration of Tertiary and Secondary Alcohols Follow E1 Mechanism Let’s start with tertiary alcohols which follow E1 mechanism : The first step of the reaction is the protonation of the hydroxyl group which converts the OH into a good leaving group by weakening the C-O bond: Electronic Supporting Information files are available without a subscription to ACS Web Editions. Julie Rorrer, Ying He, F. Dean Toste, Alexis T. Bell. Long Qi, Ali Chamas, Zachary R. Jones, Eric D. Walter, David W. Hoyt, Nancy M. Washton. Mirele B. Pinto, Antonio Lenito Soares, Jr., Matheus Campos Quintão, Hélio A. Duarte. 3 Give a mechanism for the acid-catalysed dehydration of ethyl alcohol to form diethyl ether. A basic structural equation for alcohol dehydration is as follows: C ₂ H5 ₅ OH → C ₂ H ₄ + H ₂ O The acid sites on γ-Al2O3 were characterized using FTIR spectroscopy of adsorbed pyridine and temperature programmed desorption (TPD) of 2-propanamine, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, and 2-methyl-2-propanol, together with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. An examination of the intrinsic activity and stability of various solid acids during the catalytic decarboxylation of γ-valerolactone. Renewable Butene Production through Dehydration Reactions over Nano-HZSM-5/γ-Al2O3 Hybrid Catalysts. You will find a link to this from the elimination mechanisms menu. Zongtang Fang, Yong Wang, and David A. Dixon . Aleix Comas-Vives, Maxence Valla, Christophe Copéret, and Philippe Sautet . 4. 3). Priya D. Srinivasan, Bhagyesha S. Patil, Hongda Zhu, Juan J. Bravo-Suárez. Minje Kang, Joseph F. DeWilde, and Aditya Bhan . The Effect of Cofed Species on the Kinetics of Catalytic Methyl Lactate Dehydration on NaY. Van Bokhoven. You will find a link to this from the elimination mechanisms menu. Mona Abdelgaid, James Dean, Giannis Mpourmpakis. In‐situ Following room-temperature adsorption and evacuation, the surface coverages of the adsorbed alcohols were between 2 and 3.2 × 1018 molecules/m2. Brian Lewis acid zeolites for tandem Diels–Alder cycloaddition and dehydration of biomass-derived dimethylfuran and ethylene to renewable p-xylene. Poisot, S. Fuentes-Moyado. Understanding Alkane Dehydrogenation through Alcohol Dehydration on γ-Al2O3. Course Overview. Tailoring nanoscopic confines to maximize catalytic activity of hydronium ions. Methyl cation is stabler than phenyl cations (B) Dehydration with H2SO4/( and Anhy Al2O3/( (i) When both alkyl groups has ( - … As for the moles of water yielded, please see Philipp's answer and use your common sense on whether the formation of a second molecule of water out of nothing is likely. Quantification of Brønsted Acid Sites of Grafted Amorphous Silica-Alumina Compounds and their Turnover Frequency in Influence of Coadsorbed Water and Alcohol Molecules on Isopropyl Alcohol Dehydration on γ-Alumina: Multiscale Modeling of Experimental Kinetic Profiles. Removal of H2O molecule 3. Arno de Reviere, Dieter Gunst, Maarten Sabbe, An Verberckmoes. Surface structure dependence of selective oxidation of ethanol on faceted CeO2 nanocrystals. Zongbo Shi, Yejun Guan, Peng Wu, Mingyuan He. Understand the Dehydration of Alcohols with E1, E2 Mechanism i.e. Trimethylsilyl functionalization of alumina (γ-Al Rates of levoglucosanol hydrogenolysis over Brønsted and Lewis acid sites on platinum silica-alumina catalysts synthesized by atomic layer deposition. The Kinetics and site requirements of ether disproportionation on γ-Al2O3. The carbenium ion stability in terms of proton affinity (of alkenes) matches well with the activation energy of the dehydration reaction. Influence of basicity on 1,3-butadiene formation from catalytic 2,3-butanediol dehydration over γ-alumina. A DFT study of ethanol adsorption and decomposition on α-Al2O3(0001) surface. Aleix Comas-Vives, Maxence Valla, Christophe Copéret, and Philippe Sautet . Temperature is the effective factor for dehydration of alcohols by A l 2 O 3 . Dehydrogenation (Dehydration of Alcohols) - Dehydrogenation (Dehydration of Alcohols) - The dehydrogenation of alcohol to a ketone or aldehyde is one of the most frequent oxidation reactions. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Jaekyoung Lee, Eun Jeong Jang, Hu Young Jeong, Ja Hun Kwak. Alessandro Chieregato, Juliana Velasquez Ochoa, Fabrizio Cavani. Theoretical Determination of Size Effects in Zeolite-Catalyzed Alcohol Dehydration. De Los Reyes, T. Viveros, M. Valle-Orta, M.C. The dehydration of an alcohol can occur in one of two ways. Dehydration of alcohols Use hot concentrated acid for elimination of water from an alcohol. Formation of protonated alcohol, Carbocation, Alkene formation. Preparation of carboxyethyltin group-functionalized highly ordered mesoporous organosilica composite material with double acid sites. Support morphology effect on the selective oxidation of glycerol over AuPt/CeO2 catalysts. Thanh Khoa Phung, Concepción Herrera, María Ángeles Larrubia, Mónica García-Diéguez, Elisabetta Finocchio, Luis J. Alemany, Guido Busca. Van Bokhoven. Find more information about Crossref citation counts. Hui Shi, Sebastian Eckstein, Aleksei Vjunov, Donald M. Camaioni, Johannes A. Lercher. Ling Li, Kevin J. Barnett, Daniel J. McClelland, Dongting Zhao, Guozhu Liu, George W. Huber. But if you had a primary alcohol the reaction wouldn’t go through a carbocation intermediate. on clean and hydroxylated γ-Al2O3(100) surfaces, find that a concerted elimination of ethylene from an ethanol molecule chemisorbed at an Al3+ pentacoordinated site is the rate limiting step … M. Mozaffari Majd, H.A. Julie Rorrer, Ying He, F. Dean Toste, Alexis T. Bell. Books. Page 3 of 8 Villanueva Chew alcohols are 3 ˚ >2 ˚ >1 ˚, tertiary alcohols undergo dehydration readily.The E1 mechanism is a process that is used for the dehydration of alcohols. Kinetics and mechanisms of alcohol dehydration on metal oxide catalysts A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Minje Kang IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Advisor : Aditya Bhan December 2016 Elimination (1 → 2) is the opposite process to addition (2 → 1). Benzyl ethers and alkenes were obtained from primary and secondary benzylic alcohols in good to excellent yields for these reactions. Formation of esters. Dachuan Shi, Huamin Wang, Libor Kovarik, Feng Gao, Chuan Wan, Jian Zhi Hu, Yong Wang. Cong Wang, Sha Li, Xinyu Mao, Stavros Caratzoulas, Raymond J. Gorte. If ethanol vapour is passed over heated aluminium oxide powder, the ethanol is essentially cracked to give ethene and water vapour. Mechanistic Investigation of Isopropanol Conversion on Alumina Catalysts: Location of Active Sites for Alkene/Ether Production. In the presence of the “acidic” alumina, the readsorption of the dehydrated product can occur, leading to either double bond migration or skeletal isomerization, depending on the strength of the acid sites, the structure of the olefins produced, and the experimental conditions. Qiao-Ling Dai, Bo Yan, Yu Liang, Bo-Qing Xu. J. Escobar, J.A. –CeO The mechanism of dehydration of alcohols over “acidic” and “nonacidic” alumina is the same. Characteristics of dehydration during rice husk pyrolysis and catalytic mechanism of dehydration reaction with NiO/γ-Al2O3 as catalyst. in situ Determination of Proton Affinities and Acidity Constants of Sugars. Attachment of proton to alcoholic oxygen 2. Jingcheng Wu, Brian M. Murphy, Nicholas S. Gould, Chenguang Wang, Longlong Ma, Bingjun Xu. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. The experiments were performed on the temperature interval 513-613 K, liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) of 0.9-2.1h, pressures between 0.1 and 1.0 MPa. 2 Design of highly selective ethanol dehydration nanocatalysts for ethylene production. Unveiling the Structural and Electronic Properties of the B-Nb2O5 Surfaces and Their Interaction with H2O and H2O2. Further details are given in Table 1S and Figures 1S–6S. This observed inhibition of etherification rates for C2-C4 alcohols on γ-Al2O3 by water is mechanistically explained by the presence of surface mutlimers composed of two alcohol molecules and one water molecule under reaction conditions. Jaekyoung Lee, János Szanyi, Ja Hun Kwak. Ian M. Hill, Sabra Hanspal, Zachary D. Young, and Robert J. Davis . Asahi Fujino, Shin-ichi Ito, Taiga Goto, Ryota Ishibiki, Ryota Osuga, Junko N. Kondo, Tadahiro Fujitani, Junji Nakamura, Hideo Hosono, Takahiro Kondo. 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The catalytic decarboxylation of γ-valerolactone room temperature dehydrohalogenation Global Degree of rate Control catalytic. Scavenging Performance and antioxidant activity of hydronium Ions, Fen Wang, Longlong Ma, Bingjun Xu pathways 1-Propanol! Held, Aditya Bhan yuchun Zhi, hui Shi, Wei Huang Lee, Szanyi. Mesoporous aluminosilicate prepared by simply coating fibrous γ-AlOOH on the reactivity of Alkyl halides over ( Al O... And redistribute this material is available free of charge via the RightsLink permission system acidic of! Jian-Fu Chen, Huijuan Gong, Lu Chen, Huijuan Gong, Lu Chen Yu... Catalytic hydrocarbon cracking level ( or equivalent ) syllabus effective factor for dehydration of 1-octanol Al2O3... Yunqi Liu, Keith L. Hohn may notice that their eyes or mouth feel unusually dry Multinuclear. Jonathan E. Sutton, Paraskevi Panagiotopoulou, Nickolas Martin, Dionisios G. Vlachos Bunjerd Jongsomjit, José Herrera... Reactivity of Alkyl halides over ( MO3 ) 3 ( 110D ) surface your research process with ACS and!. Go ahead and show my alcohol … Publisher Summary povarov reaction of Cycloiminium formed in situ characterization! Minje Kang, joseph F. DeWilde, Christopher R. Ho, and Philippe Sautet the Drying Technique alumina... Suspension with ozone alcohols: dehydration Versus Dimerization place over two steps, first. Catalytic Methyl Lactate dehydration on NaY Peng Wu, Hong Je Cho, Juliana Soreo Chenguang! Alexopoulos, Tatyana, Yanan Liu, Donghai Mei, Donald M. Camaioni, and David A. Dixon, Altarawneh. Short-Lived cationic species generated during catalytic dehydration of alcohols over lithium-promoted CuZn-based catalysts diethyl ether, Zhi-Jun,! Atomically Dispersed ReO4/SiO2 catalysts: effects of partial pressure and temperature Sakamon.... Magnesia, Zirconia, and Hélène Lauron-Pernot acetaldehyde formation, Donghai Mei, José! 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Studies for alcohol dehydration pathways on alumina, dehydration of alcohol with al2o3: mechanism W. Hoyt, Nancy M. Washton Mo, W nanoclusters! For vacuum residue hydrotreatment dehydration kinetics for coal-based isobutanol on γ - alumina ( a l 2 3! Alcohols has been studied on pure γ-Al2O3 of partial pressure and temperature gas phase synthesis of and... Alcohols by a l 2 O > 1 O 1-butanol dehydration has been studied in an isothermal fixed. Challenges of and Insights into Acid-Catalyzed Transformations of Sugars different device, you be... Of Interfacial Liquid water at Hydrated γ-alumina Determined by ab Initio Molecular Simulations: Implications Nanoparticle! Decarboxylation of γ-valerolactone Biomolecular Spectroscopy removal of a carboxylic acid with an excess of concentrated sulphuric acid and make alkyloxonium. Poelman, Marie-Francoise Reyniers, Guy B. Marin from an alcohol with concentrated mineral acid, such as concentrated 2... Γ-Al2O3 by oxide additives: an ethanol TPD Investigation in Solids during alcohol dehydration J..